How much VAT is there in the UK?

UK standard VAT rate is 20%. Reduced rate 5% for domestic energy. Zero-rated (0%) for most food, children's clothing and books.

How is VAT calculated?

VAT = Net × rate. Gross = Net × (1 + rate). To remove VAT: Net = Gross ÷ (1 + rate).

What are VAT rates in Ireland?

Ireland's standard VAT rate is 23%. Reduced rates: 13.5% (construction, tourism) and 9% (newspapers, hospitality).

Can I change the VAT rate?

Yes, enter the desired percentage in the rate field. You can also select a country to load its standard VAT rates automatically.

Which rounding is used?

Values are shown with two decimals for readability.

Can I start from gross to get net (remove VAT)?

Yes, enter the gross price and rate: net updates automatically. Formula: Net = Gross ÷ (1 + rate). Example at 20%: £120 ÷ 1.20 = £100.

How much VAT is there in the UK?

The UK standard VAT rate is 20%. A reduced rate of 5% applies to domestic energy and children's car seats. Zero-rated (0%) goods include most food, children's clothing, and books. Select 🇬🇧 in the country selector to use UK rates.

What are the VAT rates in Ireland?

Ireland's standard VAT rate is 23%. Reduced rates are 13.5% (construction, tourism) and 9% (newspapers, hospitality). Select 🇮🇪 to apply Irish rates.

How is VAT calculated?

VAT is calculated as a percentage of the net (pre-tax) price. Gross = Net × (1 + rate). VAT amount = Net × rate. To reverse: Net = Gross ÷ (1 + rate).

Simulators

VAT Calculator

Compute VAT, net or gross amounts

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VAT rate (%)

Net price

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Compute VAT, net or gross amounts

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Examples and real-life use cases

Compute net price from a given gross and VAT rate.
Estimate VAT amount on invoices.
Compare prices before and after VAT for budgeting.
Quickly verify a quote (net ⇄ gross).

FAQ

Can I change the VAT rate?: Yes, enter the desired percentage in the rate field. You can also select a country to load its standard VAT rates automatically.
Which rounding is used?: Values are shown with two decimals for readability.
Can I start from gross to get net (remove VAT)?: Yes, enter the gross price and rate: net updates automatically. Formula: Net = Gross ÷ (1 + rate). Example at 20%: £120 ÷ 1.20 = £100.
How much VAT is there in the UK?: The UK standard VAT rate is 20%. A reduced rate of 5% applies to domestic energy and children's car seats. Zero-rated (0%) goods include most food, children's clothing, and books. Select 🇬🇧 in the country selector to use UK rates.
What are the VAT rates in Ireland?: Ireland's standard VAT rate is 23%. Reduced rates are 13.5% (construction, tourism) and 9% (newspapers, hospitality). Select 🇮🇪 to apply Irish rates.
How is VAT calculated?: VAT is calculated as a percentage of the net (pre-tax) price. Gross = Net × (1 + rate). VAT amount = Net × rate. To reverse: Net = Gross ÷ (1 + rate).